View Single Post
  #5 (permalink)  
Old April 9th, 2008, 10:00 PM
kentek's Avatar
kentek kentek is offline
Master Sergeant



 
Join Date: Mar 2008
Location: Spokane Valley, WA
Posts: 472
Awards Showcase
US Air Force Service Award United States 
Total Awards: 2
Re: Why is it dark at night?

Quote:
Originally Posted by Brett View Post
(photons hit eye) I think we are talking about the
same thing here, in different ways. Your point about
the light from distant sources getting vanishing small
is what I am making in my discussion of infinite sums.

From what I understand, while any one light source
would vanish from long enough away, IF there was
an infinite source of them, each of the tiny points
from them would add up enough in our eyes to
make the night sky look like day.

That is, unless an assumption is wrong – the universe
isn’t infinite or isn’t infinitely old & thus light from
more distant stars hasn’t had time to reach us.

Or another way of looking at it is:

Q: Why is the night dark?
A: You just answered it

Or rather, if the night sky ISN’T dark, then we won’t
be around to wonder about it (i.e. Anthropological Cosmology).
After the big bang, for millions of years there was no dark sky
-- but it was too hot for creatures such as us. And you can
make similar arguments for possible ultimate fates of the
universe.

(dark matter) I was referring to “ordinary” matter in the
clouds between us & the center of the galaxy. As I understand
it, Dark matter does not interact with other matter (or forms
of energy such as light) except through gravitation. So if there
were Dark matter clouds between us & the center of the galaxy,
we could not tell, unless we detected gravitational affects.

Gravity is incredibly weak (it may not seem so when
stepping off a cliff, but remember the whole earth
is pulling there). Every time you lift a beer off the
table demonstrates how much more powerful other
forces are (puny muscles beat gegabazzilion tons
of the earth’s gravity! )

In any case, light could blow through any Dark matter
without any problems, unless it was hugely massive.
(& from what I’ve read, most is thought to reside
in halos around galaxies or between galaxies in
clusters).

(fractal dimensions) “Chaos” was a great book.
I believe that is where I 1st saw the concept of
fractal dimensions.

Let me know if below is more detail than you want
to know. I will add in the next post what I understand
of fractal dimensions if you want.

I’m not sure if you ever covered multi-dimensional
spaces in your math classes (I never did till college),
but I was surprised that it was a fairly “natural” extension
of concepts of HS algebra.

The idea was that, for instance 2D you could give x & y
coordinates for anything on the plane. For 3D you
could give x, y, z coordinates for anything in ordinary
space (x could be Left-Right, y forward & back, z
up & down).

For 4D you could give w, x, y, z coordinates for anything
in the 4D space, 5D v, w, x, y, z coordinates, etc. There
is no way I can visualize higher dimensional spaces
(except maybe if I’ve had enough to drink )
but its possible to algebraically manipulate them.
The scarcity of light is partly due to the age of the universe (about 14 billion years) and the age of the Earth (about 4.5 billion years). Our 'light horizon' is thus 4.5 billion light years, so a good chunk of the light simply hasn't had time to reach us.

Add to that the Inverse Square Law (light intensity varies as to the square of the distance) and a point light source at twice the distance has only one quarter the intensity. And we have the Doppler Effect caused by stars and galaxies moving away from us since the Big Bang. This red shift moves visible light into the infrared, microwave and radio parts of the spectrum. The universe is far 'brighter' at these wavelengths.

As for the Milky Way's center, it is screened from our viewpoint by a dense globe of massive stars and the dust and hydrogen cloud Sagittarius B2, which has a mass 3 million times that of our sun. The center can only be studied at gamma ray, hard X-ray, infrared, sub-millimetre and radio wavelengths. Our instruments aren't nearly powerful enough to study the black hole itself, Sagittarius A*.

Are we bored to death yet? Sorry, I've always had a thing for astronomy. I'll leave now.
__________________
The world is a banquet for an open mind.
A closed mind can only consume itself.
Reply With Quote
 
Page generated in 0.05847 seconds with 12 queries